A patient whose spouse recently died is having difficulty falling asleep and does not want to take any prescription medications to induce sleep. How should the nurse respond?
1. "Walking 2Â?3 miles or engaging in some other exercise every morning can enhance sleep."
2. "There are alternative methods to treat insomnia, such as yoga, meditation, and massage therapy."
3. "Eating a large meal at bedtime will help induce sleep."
4. "Avoid caffeinated beverages, nicotine, and alcohol immediately prior to bedtime."
5. "Count sheep after lying down in order to enhance sleep."
Correct Answer: 1,2,4
Rationale 1: Exercise therapy (except just prior to sleeping), nutrition therapy, and deep breathing are alternative treatments for insomnia.
Rationale 2: Acupuncture, aromatherapy, yoga, prayer, massage, meditation, biofeedback therapy, hypnosis, guided imagery, and music therapy are alternative treatments for anxiety and insomnia.
Rationale 3: Eating a large meal prior to bedtime is a secondary cause of insomnia.
Rationale 4: Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeinated beverages, corticosteroids, sympathomimetics, antidepressants, alcohol use, nicotine, and tobacco use are secondary causes of insomnia.
Rationale 5: There is no evidence that counting sheep at bedtime helps to induce sleep.
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