When planning care for pain control of older clients, which principles should the nurse apply?
A. Pain is a natural outcome of the aging process
B. Pain perception increases with age
C. The client may deny pain
D. The nurse should avoid use of opioids
E. The client may describe pain as an "ache" or "discomfort"
Answer:
C. The client may deny pain
E. The client may describe pain as an "ache" or "discomfort"
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Which are indications for discontinuing growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with documented growth hormone deficiency? (Select all that apply.)
a. Epiphyseal closure has begun. b. A satisfactory adult height has been achieved. c. Serum GH levels have been normal for 12 consecutive months. d. Normal serum growth hormone levels occur. e. The child no longer responds to the hor-mone.
The nurse graphs the distribution of influenza cases by the time of onset of influenza. Which would be the result of this work?
A) Epidemic curve B) Epidemiologic descriptive study C) Incidence density D) Incidence rate
A patient diagnosed with arthritis has been taking aspirin and now reports experiencing adverse effects. What adverse effect indicates that a decrease in dose may be necessary?
A) Tinnitus B) Vertigo C) Nystagmus D) Otalgia
Subjects serve as their own controls in which of the following research designs?
A) Factorial designs B) Randomized block designs C) Crossover designs D) Balanced designs