The nurse is preparing for a patient who will be going to surgery. The nurse screens for risk factors that can increase a person's risks in surgery. What risk factors are included in the nurse's screening? (Select all that apply.)
a. Age
b. Nutrition
c. Race
d. Obesity
e. Pregnancy
f. Ambulatory surgery
A, B, D, E
Very young and old patients are at risk during surgery because of immature or declining physiological status. Normal tissue repair and resistance to infection depend on adequate nutrients. Obesity increases surgical risk by reducing respiratory and cardiac function. During pregnancy, the concern is for the mother and the developing fetus. Because all major systems of the mother are affected during pregnancy, risks for operative complications are increased. Race and ambulatory surgery are not risks associated with a surgical procedure.
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