Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Both specific and general deterrence rely on individuals engaging in hedonistic calculus.
2. Nobel Prize–winning economist Gary Becker dismisses the idea that criminals lack the knowledge and the foresight to take punitive probabilities into consideration when deciding whether to continue committing crimes.
3. There are three types of deterrence.
4. Rehabilitation refers to the "just desserts" model, which demands that punishment match as closely as possible the degree of harm criminals have inflicted on their victims.
5. Underlying all systems of criminal law is the philosophical belief that individuals are deterred by the threat of punishment.


1. True
2. True
3. False
4. False
5. True

Criminal Justice

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_____________ defines moral duties based on ethical systems

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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The punishment must be sufficiently severe to deter. This aligns with which of the fundamental requirements for deterrence to be effective?

A. certainty B. severity C. speed D. stigma

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According to the text, some practitioners view community policing and problem-oriented policing as two

a. short-term solutions. b. long-term solutions. c. opposing approaches. d. definite approaches to policing.

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The three major subtraditions forming the Eastern Asia tradition are:

a. fusion, philosophy, and individualism. b. Corpus Juris Civilis, socialism, and codification. c. Confucianism, collectivism and context, and legal informalism. d. precedent, harmony, and formal justice.

Criminal Justice