The best way to differentiate operant conditioning from classical conditioning is to decide if the
a. response is voluntary or involuntary.
b. stimulus is conditioned or unconditioned.
c. consequence comes before or after the response.
d. response is pleasant or unpleasant.
A
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___ refers to general feelings of apprehension and embarrassment experienced when anticipating or interacting with other people.
a. Need for affiliation b. Social anxiety c. Introversion d. Antisocial withdrawal e. Social phobia
Harry Harlow found that the social and cognitive deficits exhibited by monkeys raised in isolation for their first 6 months of life:
A) quickly disappeared when finally introduced to other monkeys. B) remained until the monkeys reproduced and had to care for their own children. C) were evident in monkeys raised with a wire mother surrogate but not in monkeys raised with a soft cloth mother surrogate. D) were severe and long-lasting.
Since moving into a household of jazz lovers, Joyce, a dedicated fan of rock music, has developed a more positive attitude toward jazz and added it to her types of favorite musical styles. Her roommates would be considered part of
a. her reference group. b. her membership group. c. both of these groups. d. neither of these groups.
Identical twins have ________ of their genes in common, but fraternal twins have only ________ of their genes in common, making them as genetically similar as siblings born at different times
a. all; about a quarter c. about half; about a quarter b. all; about half d. about 75 percent; about 10 percent