A reproductive history is recorded in terms of gravida and para, which indicates:
A. Number of times pregnant and the number of pregnancies beyond 20 weeks
B. Number of times pregnant and the number of spontaneous or medically-induced abortions
C. Number of live births and number of times pregnant
D. Number of times pregnant and number of vaginal births
ANS: A
The reproductive history includes the contraceptive, sexual, and obstetric history. The contraceptive history elicits the last time contraceptives have been used, what types of contraceptives were used, and the dates of any unprotected intercourse. The sexual history helps identify risks for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or ectopic pregnancies. The obstetric history consists of the number of pregnancies and their outcomes using the gravida–para–TPAL nomenclature (Table 19.1). This portion of the history also includes the year of each pregnancy, infant birth weight, gestational age at birth, type of delivery (vaginal or caesarean), length of labor, anesthesia received, and any maternal or fetal complications during the pregnancy. Gravida indicates the number of pregnancies. Para indicates the number of pregnancies that surpassed 20 weeks. In TPAL, T indicates term pregnancies, P indicates premature births, A indicates abortions (spontaneous or induced), and L indicates live births.
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