Lev Vygotsky suggested that development occurred as periods of gradual change. According to Vygotsky, which of the following is NOT expected to follow these gradual changes?
A. rapid transitions
B. gradual transitions
C. sudden transformations
D. crises
Ans: B
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Norma enters a psychiatric hospital. She is diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Which type of treatment is most likely to be offered?
a. antipsychotic medication and psychotherapy b. electroshock therapy c. prefrontal lobotomy d. covert sensitization and antidepressant medication
Researchers who study stereotype threat have found that when people are asked to perform a task for which a negative stereotype about their ethnic group exists, they tend to ____.?
a. ?overcome the stereotype and perform optimally b. ?underperform, consistent with the stereotype c. ?be unaffected d. ?engage in social loafing
The drive theory of motivation states that drives are ____
a. ?innate instincts that push us toward specific behaviors b. ?negative states that we are motivated to reduce c. ?positive states that we are motivated to increase d. ?learned reactions stemming from social incentives
An automobile driver who justifies speeding by saying that it is okay as long you do not have to pay a fine is most likely reasoning at the ____ level of moral development.?
a. ?conventional b. ?concrete operational c. ?preconventional d. ?postconventional