Which of the following is NOT true of operant conditioning?
a. It was developed by B. F. Skinner
b. Negative reinforcement reduces the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated.
c. A major principle is that behavior is determined by the consequences of that behavior.
d. It is used in the treatment of phobias.
b. Negative reinforcement reduces the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated.
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Which statement below best represents the existential concept of freedom and responsibility?
a. A person's greatest freedom is how he/she chooses to make meaning and respond to life circumstances. b. A person's life is determined by God, genetics, and family, not choice. c. Real choice in life is impossible because we have conditioned, automatic responses. d. Freedom comes automatically to people, without responsibility.
Regarding racial attitudes towards their clients, counselors as a group
a. have been able to avoid having their own attitudes affect their counseling. b. have been vocal advocates against discrimination of people of color. c. have done considerable damage to their clients because of the expression of unconscious racial beliefs. d. need to be aware of their own racial attitudes towards their clients.
Which of the following are true of Adlerian psychology?
A) ?behavior is mechanistic B) ?one's level of social interest is not a good measure of mental health C) ?pronounced egocentricity leads to good adjustment D) ?persons feeling inferior will do useless things in order to prove their own worth by gaining attention
_____ instills in members of a dominant group a belief in the superiority of the values and practices of that group, without making the individuals aware that their beliefs are culturally based.
a. multiculturalism b. ethnocentric monoculturalism c. assimilation d. pluralism