Which of the following characterizes immunological memory? (Select all that apply.)
a. The host retains the capacity to mount a secondary immune response.
b. The host retains the ability to respond to pathogen many years after primary exposure.
c. Naive T cells are activated more quickly when exposed to pathogen.
d. Memory B cells produce higher-affinity antibody than naive B cells.
e. Memory T cells undergo somatic hypermutation.
f. Memory T cells express CD45RA.
a, b, d
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Hepatocellular cancer usually has a poor prognosis due in part to which of the following factors?
A) Surgical options do not exist because removal of all or part of the liver is a threat to health. B) Liver cancer typically metastasizes at a much earlier stage than other cancers. C) Liver tumors are poorly differentiated due to the low density of hepatic tissue. D) The nonspecific symptomatology of liver cancer leads to a diagnosis at a late stage.
The combining forms or/o- and orex/o- both mean "mouth."
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The process of aging occurs on both a cellular and whole-organism level, finally resulting in death.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
About what percentage of older Americans live in institutional settings such as nursing homes?
A. 6 percent B. 3 percent C. 9 percent D. 12 percent