In juvenile court, the standard of proof required is ______.
a. more likely than not
b. probable cause
c. as likely as unlikely
d. beyond a reasonable doubt
d. beyond a reasonable doubt
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According to the prison guard code, which element covers a range of conduct and is noted by Kauffman (1988) that in practice, it is widely violated?
a. Always go to the aid of an officer in distress. b. Never make a fellow officer look bad in front of inmates. c. Always support officer sanctions against inmates. d. Show positive concern for fellow guards.
Lethal injection is the most frequently used technique of execution
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Laws and official reporting and recording practices vary significantly across countries. 2. Interpol and the United Nations provide data on what crimes are known to the police across a large number of countries and also about how these crimes are handled—for example, the number or rates of arrests, prosecutions, and convictions. 3. International Consortium of Political and Social Research provides data-sets that focus on deviance and social control domestically and strictly within the United States (or countries allied with the United States). 4. The sociological research and theories described in this book is mostly carried out in the United States or in non-developed Eastern societies. 5. Empirical evidence is not perfectly consistent across countries in research testing Hirschi and Gottfredson’s General Theory of Crime because overall there appears to be a lack of general support across various forms of deviance.
A presentence report is prepared by a probation officer for use by a judge
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false