A parent asks the nurse how she would know whether her child has fifth disease. The nurse would advise the parent to be alert for which manifestation?
a. Bull's-eye rash at the site of a tick bite
b. Lesions in various stages of development on the trunk
c. Maculopapular rash on the trunk that lasts for 2 days
d. Bright red rash on the cheeks that looks like slapped cheeks
D
Fifth disease presents with an intense, fiery red, edematous rash on the cheeks, which gives a "slapped cheek" appearance. The bull's-eye rash at the site of a tick bite is a manifestation of Lyme disease. Varicella is manifested as lesions in various stages of development—macule, papule, then vesicle, first appearing on the trunk and scalp. Roseola manifests as a maculopapular rash on the trunk that can last for hours or up to 2 days.
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A patient has a history of tonic-clonic seizures that have been successfully treated with phenytoin (Dilantin) for several years. Phenytoin achieves a therapeutic effect by
A) decreasing the influx of sodium into neurons. B) increasing the levels of available glutamate. C) simultaneously potentiating the effects of GABA and inhibiting reuptake. D) by slowing the function of calcium channels within the neurological system.
A patient on chemotherapy has a platelet count of 3000/mm3 . When the patient complains of joint pain, the nurse should give which instruction?
a. Take two regular-strength aspirin. b. Take two over-the-counter–strength ibuprofen tablets. c. Take two prescription-strength ibuprofen tablets. d. Take two acetaminophen tablets.
Patients with pancreatic disease often have a history of:
1. rigorous diets. 2. low-fat diets. 3. alcohol abuse. 4. excessive sugar intake.
The patient has been running in a long-distance marathon on a very warm day. The patient complains of dizziness and nausea and is taken to the hospital where she becomes lethargic. The serum sodium level is 125 mEq/L. What will be the best plan of the nurse?
1. Prepare to encourage the patient to drink fluids. 2. Prepare to administer normal saline intravenous (IV). 3. Prepare to administer 0.45% NaCl. 4. Prepare to provide a diet high in NaCl.