A client who is frightened of needles has been told that he will have to have an intravenous (IV) line inserted. The patient's blood pressure and pulse rate increase, and the nurse observes the pupils dilating
What does the nurse recognize has occurred with this client? A) The client is developing an infection.
B) The client is having a response to dehydration.
C) The client is in a hypertensive crisis.
D) The client is showing the fight-or-flight response.
D
Feedback:
The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. These two hormones are released in response to stress or threat to life. They facilitate what is referred to as the physiologic stress response, also known as the fight-or-flight response. Many organs respond to the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Responses include increased blood pressure and pulse rate, dilation of the pupils, constriction of blood vessels, bronchodilation, and decreased peristalsis. The client does not demonstrate the signs of infection, dehydration, or hypertensive crisis.
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a. Assess BP while the child is standing. b. Compare left arm with left leg BP readings. c. Use a narrow cuff to ensure that the readings are correct. d. Measure BP with the child in the sitting position on three separate occasions.
In developing countries, nutrition transition often leads to a combination of underweight in children and overweight in adults. A partial explanation for this involves which of the following?
1. Availability of low-cost fruits and vegetables 2. Availability of cheap energy-dense foods 3. Home-cooked meals 4. Children exercising too much
The scope of nursing practice is
A. Known and static. B. Continually being expanded. C. Determined only by individual researchers. D. Important only to nurses with advanced degrees.
To minimize risk of infection with Cryptosporidium, patients with HIV/AIDS should
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