How can a nurse encourage communication with a dying patient? (Select all that apply.)
a. Address the patient by name at every opportunity.
b. Use direct questions to inquire about the patient's concerns relative to health and end-of-life issues.
c. Complete care with a minimum of conversation to encourage questions from the patient.
d. Provide empathetic touching during care to show concern.
e. Sit down in the room to converse with the patient.
ANS: A, D, E
Use of direct questions, which only allow a "yes" or "no" answer from the patient, does not generate communication, nor does limited conversation from the caregiver.
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