According to Aronson, superordinate goals are effective because they
a. create healthy comparisons among students.
b. utilize groupthink.
c. create mutual interdependence.
d. set high individual goals for success.
C
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Some researchers argue that hypnosis is a special state of consciousness; other researchers disagree. They argue that when the hypnosis procedure is used, individuals simply respond to the cues and instructions made by the hypnotist in order to know how to respond. These cues are called
A. dependent variables. B. demand characteristics. C. reactive cues. D. selective traces.
Dr. Elmo is studying individuals' learned dispositions to respond to people, objects, or institutions in a positive or negative way. Dr. Elmo is studying
a. cognitive dissonance b. socialization c. attitudes. d. attributions.
To determine who is overweight and who is obese, researchers use a measure called the
a. obesity index. b. body fat index. c. body mass index. d. overweight/underweight scale.
Comparisons of hormone production in boys and girls show that:
a. before puberty, boys have higher levels of estrogen than do girls. b. from puberty on, boys and girls produce the same amounts of androgens and estrogens. c. before puberty, girls have higher levels of estrogen than do boys. d. from puberty on, boys produce more androgens and girls produce more estrogens.