Apoptosis is the process of
A. mitosis.
B. the cell cycle.
C. programmed cell death.
D. programmed cellular reproduction.
E. replication.
C. programmed cell death.
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Leptin is a circulating hormone that is produced by fat cells and plays a role in body metabolism and obesity. It normally binds to receptors in the brain and inhibits appetite. Studies have demonstrated that when obese mice that are leptin deficient are injected with leptin they quickly lose their excess weight. Interestingly, however, many overweight people have high levels of leptin in their
bloodstream. Why do you think that the high levels of leptin in obese individuals are insufficient to curb their appetite? A. Paracrine signaling may be disrupted in obese people with high levels of leptin. B. Obese people who have high levels of leptin may have a leptin receptor with decreased sensitivity. C. The form of leptin released by obese people may lack protein kinase activity. D. In obese people with high levels of leptin, the leptin is a non-functional second messenger.
Naked mole rats live in underground colonies and are very inbred; there is typically no
interaction between different colonies or populations. However, every now and again, a “disperser morph” is produced, and this animal eventually leaves his birth colony and finds a different colony where he will likely mate with the queen. This is an example of
a. mutation. b. gene flow. c. evolution. d. meiosis
All tissues and organs of an adult animal arise from
three primary tissue layers, or germ layers that form in early embryos: __________, __________, and __________ into blood. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which group of gymnosperms resembling small palms produce pollen and gametophytes on separate male and female plants, are usually pollinated by beetles?
A. Ginkgos B. Gnetophytes C. Ferns D. Cycads E. Ephedras