The nurse explains to a client that the surgeon will perform a procedure that involves inserting a balloon-tipped catheter into a narrowed coronary artery to widen it. What is the term for this procedure?
A) Closed-heart surgery
B) Heart valve replacement surgery
C) Coronary artery bypass grafting
D) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
D
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In percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), a surgeon inserts a balloon-tipped catheter into a client's narrowed coronary artery to widen it and improve blood flow to the heart muscles. Closed-heart surgery refers to surgical procedures that are done without stopping the heart. In coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), surgeons use healthy vessels, usually including the saphenous vein from a leg, and place it around the blockage in the coronary artery. Cardiac valvular repair or replacement surgery is required when stenosis, regurgitation, calcification, congenital defects, rheumatic disease, or other disorders have significantly disrupted cardiac blood flow through the cardiac valves.
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A nursing student is preparing a program for her peers covering health concerns for seniors. When planning the program, which of the following statements should be included in the presentation?
A) The rate of heart disease death for senior citizens is demonstrating an increase in rate. B) Heart disease is the leading cause of death for senior citizens. C) Cancer is the leading cause of death in the senior citizen population. D) Decreases have been shown in the rate of Alzheimer's disease.
Many critically ill patients experience anxiety. The nurse can reduce anxiety with which approach?
a. Ask family members to limit their visitation to 2-hour periods in morning, afternoon, and evening. You know that this is the best approach to ensure uninterrupted rest time for the patient. Tell the patient, "Mr. J., your family is in the waiting room. They will be permitted to come in at 2:00 PM after you take a short nap." b. Explain the unit routine. "Mr. J., assessments are done every 4 hours; patients are bathed on the night shift around 5:00 AM; family members are permitted to visit you after the physicians make their morning rounds. They can spend the day. Lights are out every night at 10:00 PM." c. State, "Mr. J., it's time to turn you. I am going to ask another nurse to come in and help me. We will turn you to your left side. During the turn, I'm going to inspect the skin on your back and rub some lotion on your back. This should help to make you feel better." d. Suction Mr. J.'s endotracheal tube immediately when he starts to cough. Tell him, "Mr. J., your tube needs suctioned; you should feel better after I'm done."
A nurse is conducting a psychoeducational group about anxiety in an inpatient unit. Which teaching by the nurse is accurate?
A) "Anxiety is considered abnormal when it is out of proportion to the stimulus causing it and when it impairs functioning." B) "Anxiety is a purely psychological phenomenon and can be overcome using mind over matter." C) "Anxiety is the third most common psychological disorder in the United States." D) "Anxiety is a complex phenomenon and is effectively treated only with psychotropic medications."
The nurse notes an abnormal laboratory test finding for a patient with CKD and alerts the health care provider. The nurse also consults with the registered dietitian because of excessive dietary protein intake is directly related to what factor?
a. Elevated serum creatinine level b. Protein presence in the urine c. Elevated BUN level d. Elevated serum potassium level