How are individual-level white-collar crimes and corporate crimes similar? Include in your discussion whether causal factors explaining these crimes are similar
What will be an ideal response?
White-collar crime today represents a range of behaviors involving individuals acting alone and within the context of a business structure. The victims of white-collar crime can be the general public, the organization that employs the offender, or a competing organization. There have been numerous attempts to create subcategories or typologies of white-collar criminality. The one used here contains seven elements, ranging from an individual using a business enterprise to commit theft-related crimes to an individual using his or her place within a business enterprise for illegal gain, to business enterprises collectively engaging in illegitimate activity. Corporate crime is a type of white-collar crime that involves situations in which powerful institutions violate the laws that are meant to restrain these institutions from doing social harm. Corporate crimes are socially injurious acts committed by people who control companies to further their business interests. The target of their crimes can be the general public, the environment, or even company workers. What makes these crimes unique is that the perpetrator is a legal fiction—a corporation—and not an individual. In reality, it is company employees or owners who commit corporate crimes and who ultimately benefit through career advancement or greater profits. For a corporation to be held criminally liable, the employee committing the crime must be acting within the scope of his employment and must have actual or apparent authority to engage in the particular act in question.
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Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Mary, a student at a community college in New York, is in the United States on a student visa that allows her to remain in the United States until she obtains her master's degree in biology. She is considering returning to her home country because she is concerned with the increase in crime at her college and in the surrounding area. Mary attempts to find information on the crime rates in her
hometown to compare to those in the city where she currently attends college.Mary was a crime victim once in the three years that she has been in the United States. A female acquaintance assaulted Mary while Mary was out celebrating her birthday at a local bar with some friends. The offender was drunk and became agitated when she thought that Mary had taken her seat. With regard to female criminality, all of the following are true except: A) ?Female sex hormones account for more aggressive female behavior. B) ?Females are socialized to avoid being violent and aggressive. C) ?Female criminals are troubled, alienated at home, and pursue crime as a means of compensating for their disrupted personal lives. D) ?Girls have been found to be superior to boys in verbal ability, which enable them to diffuse conflict more easily. E) ?All of the statements are true.
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a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false