Compare and contrast immune complex glomerulonephritis versus diabetic glomerulosclerosis
What will be an ideal response?
Immune complex glomerulonephritis: antigen-antibody complexes are filtered from the blood and accumulate within the walls of the glomerular capillaries where they incite an acute inflammation. Injury to the tissues results from the action of complements and leukocytes; these block the glomeruli, resulting in less blood filtered, less urine output with retention of waste products in the blood, and leakage of proteins
Examples:
Poststreptococcal infection: formation of immune complexes comprised of antistreptococcal antibodies and soluble streptococcal antigens; larger complexes become trapped into the glomerular capillaries inducing an inflammatory reaction
SLE: deposition of autoantibody-containing immune complexes in the glomeruli
IgA nephropathy: accumulation of immune complexes containing IgA with proliferation of mesangial cells, achromic and slowly progressive disease
Diabetic glomerulosclerosis: progressive renal damage in diabetes with nodular and diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and severe sclerosis of the glomerular arterioles Results in reduced glomerular blood flow, reduced urine formed, and leakage of protein
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