Name and describe the three methods for controlling for carryover effects.
What will be an ideal response?
(1) Randomization--randomly determining the order of treatments; this requires a large number of participants. (2) Complete counterbalancing--requires that each condition occurs equally often, and precedes and follows all other conditions the same number of times. (3) Incomplete counterbalancing--ensures that each condition occurs equally often, but does not necessarily precede and follow all other conditions the same number of times; this is the more reasonable approach if the design involves a large number of conditions.
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Read the following:
Arthur tells his counselor that last night, over dinner, his friend Peter told him that all of their mutual friends are fed up with Arthur’s acerbic interpersonal style. They all feel that he is just nasty and disrespectful. Arthur tells his counselor that these friends are being ridiculous and, frankly, pretty stupid if they can’t see that he just intends to be funny. He said that he told off his friend Peter by stating that he and all of their friends are idiots. As tactfully as possible, Arthur’s counselor asks: “Don’t you think that the opinion of all your friends might be something to take seriously?” This challenge is designed to help Arthur to understand his ____. A. damaged personality B. perfectionism C. inadequate participation in the helping process D. self-defeating expressions of feelings and emotions
Problematic relationships and eating difficulties are examples of:
a. client behaviors. b. client thoughts. c. client affect. d. client physiology.
Generalizability is demonstrated by:
a. Rich descriptions of population characteristics b. A variety of mathematical procedures that consider sample size c. Answers A & B d. Answer A but not B
Which of the following represents a future oriented response in the cognitive domain?
a. Thoughts about what is happening during the crisis b. Recognition of something that is irrevocably lost or gone c. Perceptions of threat d. All of the above