What measures would be appropriate for the nurse to use to assess dysfunctional grieving in the older adult? (Select all that apply.)
a. Ask the patient to describe his or her relationship within the family.
b. Observe the behavior of the patient when family members and friends come to visit.
c. Ask questions about the patient's profession and work history.
d. Observe for changes in eating habits.
e. Monitor for changes in mental status.
ANS: A, B, D, E
Asking questions related to profession and work history may reveal the patient's role and perceived self-image. Questions aimed at their work relationships, feelings about retirement, and concerns over loss of a job will aid in assessing for dysfunctional grief. Patients may completely avoid their support systems, lose interest in activities, and be unable to concentrate.
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