Advantages of passover humidifiers include which of the following?
1. They add minimal flow resistance to breathing circuits.
2. They do not require heating to maintain body temperature, ambient pressure, saturated (BTPS) conditions.
3. They do not generate any bacteria-spreading microaerosol.
4. They can maintain water vapor saturation at high flows.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 2 and 4 only
d. 1, 3, and 4 only
ANS: D
Compared with bubble humidifiers, passover humidifiers offer several advantages. First, unlike bubble devices, they can maintain saturation at high flow rates. Second, they add little or no flow resistance to spontaneous breathing circuits. Third, they do not generate any aerosols and thus pose a minimal risk for spreading infection.
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