A patient is diagnosed with duodenal ulcers caused by a highly acidic gastrointestinal environment. Which of the following enzymes will be activated to help protect the intestinal mucosa against this acidity?
1. lipase
2. amylase
3. secretin
4. elastase
3
Rationale: The release of secretin is stimulated by a drop in the intestinal mucosa pH to less than 4.5. When intestinal pH becomes too acidic, secretin stimulates the pancreas to secrete large quantities of bicarbonate and water. Bicarbonate raises the intestinal pH, which protects the mucosa. Lipase is a pancreatic enzyme that helps break down fats. Amylase is a pancreatic enzyme that splits glycogen into disaccharides. Elastase is a pancreatic enzyme that helps to break down proteins.
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