Which of the following diagnostic and assessment results support the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis? Select all that apply
A) Polyuria (excess urine output)
B) Nocturia (voiding at night)
C) Bilateral flank pain
D) Blood pressure 140/92
E) Severe pain in upper outer quadrant of the abdomen
Ans: A, B
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The symptoms of chronic pyelonephritis often include a history of recurrent episodes of UTI or acute pyelonephritis. Loss of tubular function and the ability to concentrate urine give rise to polyuria and nocturia, and mild proteinuria is common. Severe hypertension often is a contributing factor in the progress of the disease. A BP of 140/92 is not considered "severe" hypertension. Flank and upper outer quadrant pain is usually associated with kidney stones.
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