Outline what is currently known about the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Include the roles of basal
and total metabolic rates, leptin, and neuropeptide Y in your response. What will be an ideal response?
Concepts to Consider: Leptin is produced by fat cells in proportion to the body fat mass,
and receptors for this molecule have been found in the hypothalamus. A decrease in body fat
results in a decrease in leptin, which leads to an increase in food intake; an increase in body
fat results in an increase in leptin, leading to a decrease in food intake. Neuropeptide Y is
produced in the hypothalamus, and increases appetite and slows metabolism when leptin levels and food intake are low. BMR is the rate of energy consumption during resting
conditions. TMR includes BMR and the additional energy for the remaining daily activities.
These rates are important because energy in should equal energy out to maintain homeostasis
and avoid weight gain.
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A. true B. false
The plasma cells of the immune system are responsible for secreting protein antibodies into the bloodstream. Within the plasma cell, the antibody moves through several organelles in what order?
A. Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus, vesicles B. Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles C. Ribosomes, vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus D. Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles E. Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome
Which of the following is a paracrine regulator that affects almost every organ in the body?
A. insulin B. testosterone C. prostaglandin D. gonadotropin E. epinephrine
The ability of the surface waters of the ocean to take up carbon dioxide is governed by the reaction of carbon dioxide with the ________ ion to form bicarbonates
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word