Karin and Araceli are baseball fans. Karin loves the Cleveland Indians, but Araceli roots for the Chicago White Sox. The two watch a game together. When a Cleveland player dives for third base, Karin thinks he is safe, but Araceli is sure he is out. What does their disagreement demonstrate about perception?
A. It is influenced by knowledge.
B. It can be affected by personal bias.
C. It depends on sensory data.
D. It may be determined by body position.
Answer: B
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The illusory correlation effect occurs when we
a. incorrectly assume that one social trait is the cause of another, simply because we have observed that they are correlated. b. are motivated to accurately estimate the frequency with which some pattern of social traits occurs. c. see correlations between social traits that really aren't there, because our expectations distort our memories. d. fail to see true correlations between social traits, because our expectations distort our memories.
When comparing all research concerning whether or not AIDS patients who deny the reality of being HIV positive experience a more rapid development of symptoms, we learn:
a. all these studies support that HIV positive men who denied their diagnosis actually survive longer than those who accept their fate b. all of these studies support that HIV positive men who denied their diagnosis actually experience a more rapid development of symptoms c. all of these studies agree that initially the men who denied their diagnosis had fewer symptoms, but they increased as they became more accepting of their diagnosis d. all of these studies clearly demonstrate the need to better understand this topic as there is evidence that some men have an increase in symptoms, and others have a decrease in symptoms
To explain the fact that some neuropsychological studies show close parallels between perceptual deficits and deficits in imagery, while other studies do not find this parallel, it has been proposed that the mechanism for imagery is located at visual centers and the mechanism for perception is located at visual centers
a. lower; higher b. higher; lower c. both lower and higher; higher d. higher; both lower and higher
What effect do within-subjects designs have on F ratios?
a. F ratios are more sensitive to changes in the treatments b. F ratios are less sensitive to changes in the treatments c. F ratios tend to be smaller d. There is no effect on F ratios.