Describe some ways in which, at the molecular level, the process of evolution ‘tinkers' with existing struc-tures to produce novel functions

What will be an ideal response?


ANS:
Will vary, but should include: gene sharing and gene duplication, and could include the examples used in the text; gene sharing in lens crystallins with separate enzymatic functions and/or the ‘lock and key' pair the mineralocorticoid receptor and the steroid hormone aldosterone with an ancestral glucocorticoid receptor.

Biology & Microbiology

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The fossil record indicates that the first vascular plants possessed roots

A. true B. false

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis has chemicals in its cell wall that inhibit the fusion of phagocytic vacuoles with lysosomes.  Which statement is true?

A. Antibodies produced by the cells can more effectively kill the bacteria. B. The bacterium can survive and replicate inside of the phagocytic cell. C. The bacterium can produce chemicals which can destroy the macrophage housing the bacterium. D. Complement proteins will take over to destroy the bacteria.

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Who played the most influential role in discovering protists?

a. Rudolf Virchow b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek c. Theodor Schwann d. Matthias Schleiden

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Which of the following is not an electron carrier that participates in the electron-transport chain?

(a) cytochrome (b) quinone (c) rhodopsin (d) copper ion

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