What are castration anxiety and penis envy?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Castration anxiety is the male child's fear of being castrated by the father. The term for the idea that girls desire to have penises is called penis envy.
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A social-comparison explanation of polarization in groups suggest that polarization occurs when
a. individuals compare their position to other members’ positions, and find that others are more extreme than they are. b. groups generate more arguments in favor of one position rather than another and the members shift their opinions in that direction. c. groups implicitly adopt decision rules that prompt them to support more extreme decisions. d. groups value caution more than risk, but can’t make a clear comparison between these two values.
Nature vs. nurture is a classic problem of causality, whereas the problem resolves when using a levelsof-analysis approach because
A) only genes produce behavior. B) both genes and environment interact to produce behavior. C) neither genes nor environment interact to produce behavior. D) only environment produces behavior.
There is an archetype for
A) whatever experiences are universal among humans. B) all experiences that humans have. C) only positive experiences. D) only negative experiences.
According to Tversky (1981), the alignment heuristic refers to
a. an error made when using mental maps such that a single latitude is used as a reference point for two different geographical locations. b. underestimating the distance between two geographical locations due to ignoring longitudinal reference points. c. visualizing the shapes of geographical locations as more vertical than they are in reality. d. overestimating the distance between two geographical locations due to ignoring longitudinal reference points.