An adult female client has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. What characteristic of this client's experience would be considered to be a possible second hit in the etiology of her disorder?
A) The client's current socioeconomic status
B) The client's genetic phenotype
C) Abuse the client suffered as a teenager
D) Psychotropic medications that have been used without success
Ans: C
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Examples of second hits might include intense experiential toxins, such as physical abuse or neglect, infections, or prenatal exposure to alcohol. Socioeconomic status, medications, and genetic factors are not normally categorized as second hits.
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