Looking at the tree above, draw a tree that resolves two of the four shown polytomies and explain why you are able to do so using the provided tree and your own illustrations
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
Will vary, but should include a tree similar to the resolved tree shown to the right in Figure 4.30 and an ex-planation that includes: an upper arrow as shown in the left-hand tree of Figure 4.30 showing the first charac-ter (A to B) resolves the polytomy from the outgroup; the polarity is of the trait—A is ancestral, B is de-rived—making the two groups with character B sister groups. The outgroups also reveal the polarity of the second character—C is ancestral, D is derived; this resolves the polytomy shown at the lower arrow in Figure 4.30; the two clades with the D character are sister groups.
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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Dehydration synthesis reactions always involve the removal of a molecule of water. 2. The biosynthesis of polysaccharides, polypeptides, and nucleic acids are examples of catabolic reactions. 3. Oxidation–reduction reactions are paired reactions that involve the transfer of electrons. 4. Breaking a disaccharide down into its two monosaccharide components is an example of a hydrolysis reaction. 5. Anabolic reactions are a cell's major source of energy.
The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes can be lengthened by:
a. apoptosis. b. reverse transcriptase. c. primase. d. telomerase. e. DNA polymerase
Competition among individuals of different species is called
A. intraspecific competition. B. resource competition. C. interspecific competition. D. commensalism. E. basal competition.
The process of equalizing ion concentration by movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane is known as
What will be an ideal response?