A candy bar contains 108 calories per serving. There are 4 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of protein, and 8 grams of fat in a serving. How many of the calories come from fat?
A. 72
B. 16
C. 18
D. 20
A
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What is the best definition of biotransformation?
A. Production of alcohol from a substrate B. Oxidation of sugar to carbon dioxide C. Use of microorganisms to modify substances not normally used for growth D. Production of a toxin from a nontoxic chemical
Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes
A. similarity between photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. B. similarity in the way mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria reproduce. C. similarities in DNA sequences between mitochondrial and bacterial genomes. D. All of the answer choices are correct. E. similarities in size and shape between mitochondria and some bacteria.
The enzyme used by retroviruses to make a DNA copy of their RNA genome is called ________.
A. reverse transcriptase B. RNA replicase C. RNA polymerase D. DNA polymerase
After a decline to an historic low about 300 million years ago, carbon dioxide levels in the Earth's atmosphere rose again for a while. Hypothesize a reason why this occurred.
A. Higher oxygen levels resulted in the proliferation of aerobic bacteria; their respiration released large amounts of carbon dioxide. B. Higher oxygen levels promoted large-scale fires across the landscape; the breakdown of organic molecules in these fires released carbon dioxide. C. Higher temperatures caused an increase in plant growth, resulting in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide synthesized. D. Lower temperatures resulted in reduced plant growth; with less vegetation to absorb carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide levels rose. E. All the vegetation that had been produced prior to the historic low decayed, releasing carbon dioxide.