As a mother nurses her infant, she gently strokes the side of his head. Over time, gently stroking the side of his head, in the absence of nursing, causes him to calm down when upset. In this case, the stroking of the side of his head in the absence of nursing is the:
A. unconditioned stimulus.
B. unconditioned response.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. conditioned response.
Answer: C
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