The nurse is caring for a newly-admitted infant diagnosed with "failure to thrive." The nurse begins to implement the healthcare provider prescribed orders by taking blood pressures in all four extremities
Which congenital cardiac defect does the nurse anticipate based on the prescribed order?
1. Tetralogy of Fallot
2. Pulmonary atresia
3. Coarctation of the aorta
4. Ventricular septal defect
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: Normally, blood pressures in the lower extremities are the same as or higher than upper-extremity blood pressures. But in coarctation of the aorta, the narrowing of the aorta causes decreased blood flow to the lower extremities and thus lower-extremity blood-pressure readings are significantly lower than upper-extremity readings. There are minimal differences between upper and lower blood-pressure readings in tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and ventricular septal defect.
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