A client with heart failure is diagnosed with a low ejection fraction. What aspects of the client's heart function should the nurse realize contributed to this poor finding? (Select all that apply.)
1. Preload
2. Afterload
3. Contractility
4. Ventricular response
5. Sinoatrial node firing
Answer: 1, 2, 3
1. The ejection fraction, or the percentage of blood in the ventricle that is ejected with each contraction, is affected by preload.
2. The ejection fraction, or the percentage of blood in the ventricle that is ejected with each contraction, is affected by afterload.
3. The ejection fraction, or the percentage of blood in the ventricle that is ejected with each contraction, is affected by contractility.
4. Ventricular response does not affect the ejection fraction.
5. Sinoatrial node firing does not affect the ejection fraction.
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