Professor Haskins conducted a study which showed that participants remembered new material better when they learned the material and were tested on the material in the same setting. Professor Haskins has also noticed that students tend to do better on term exams when they take the exams in the same room as the one in which the class normally met. This suggests that the results Professor Haskins
obtained in the memory study:
a. are internally valid
b. are operationally defined
c. will not generalize to everyday settings
d. have external validity
D
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