Explain how money plays a role in the different forms of campaigning in Texas
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
A. Texas has virtually no limits on campaign funding
1. makes fundraising extremely important
B. More expensive to run in urban centers than rural centers
C. Statewide offices require extensive travel expenses
D. Amount of spending can be the difference in close races
E. Costs of campaigning in new ways
1. electronic media, mass mailings, Internet, television and radio
a. mass media costs have increased as candidates try to penetrate the voter market
b. lower cost television time is subject to cuts so candidates must pay more to secure television time
F. Costs increase as candidates try to reach more voters and target groups
G. Internet campaigning is a way for underfunded candidates to get their platform and message out to voters
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The incumbency advantage in the House of Representatives ______.
A. rose from 1 or 2 points in the 1960s to almost 8 points by 2002, but has since declined to the levels seen in the 1950s B. continues to increase every decade as mapmakers draw districts that perfectly fit the needs of lawmakers C. was eliminated when the House of Representatives adopted a system of proportional representation D. decreased from an average of 8 points in 2002, but has started rising again in recent elections as national forces play little role in congressional elections
Political campaigns use negative advertising because it is usually effective
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
The number of ballot initiatives has ______ since the 1970s.
a. decreased b. increased c. stayed the same d. bottomed out
The traditional sense of security focuses on ______.
a. access to natural resources around the world b. forging strong international institutions c. maintaining a homogenous culture d. political and territorial independence