The difference between vertical and horizontal transmission of plant viruses is that vertical transmission is _____
A) transmission of a virus from a parent plant to its progeny, and horizontal transmission is one plant spreading the virus to another plant
B) the spread of viruses from upper leaves to lower leaves of the plant, and horizontal transmission is the spread of a virus among leaves at the same general level
C) the spread of viruses from trees and tall plants to bushes and other smaller plants, and horizontal transmission is the spread of viruses among plants of similar size
D) the transfer of DNA from a plant of one species to a plant of a different species, and horizontal transmission is the spread of viruses among plants of the same species
A
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In humans, nitric oxide is an important gaseous neurotransmitter. Nitric oxide is synthesized by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). What would be a likely effect if a male were missing the gene that codes for one of the NOS isoforms?
A. He would be unable to produce all the liquid components of semen. B. He would have a low sperm count due to decreased spermatogenesis. C. He would have high levels of mutation within his mature sperm. D. He would have difficulty getting and/or sustaining an erection.
In proteins, structural segments called ____ provide flexibility that allow parts of the protein to bend, fold, or move
a. random coils b. peptide bonds c. b sheets d. a helices e. b polysaccharides
External signals, such as hormones and growth factors, can stimulate a cell to go through the cell cycle.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
All of the following are true regarding coral reefs
EXCEPT that they a. develop in warm, clear waters near coasts or volcanic islands. b. are found between 25 degrees north and south. c. are wave-resistant formations. d. are areas of abundant resources and minimal competition among inhabitants. e. contain the remains of hard corals and the mineral-hardened cell walls of red algae.