A client comes to the clinic with report of intermittent epigastric pain that is associated with meals. The nurse would review the client's medical record and assess for the presence of which risk factors for peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
1. The client reports that his mother and grandfather both had ulcers.
2. The client has type AB blood.
3. The client reports drinking several cups of coffee every morning.
4. The client reports mild to moderate job and family stress.
5. The client tested positive for influenza A.
1,3
Rationale 1: A close family history of PUD increases the client's risk for developing the disease.
Rationale 2: The risk for developing PUD is higher in those with type O.
Rationale 3: Consumption of beverages that contain caffeine increases the risk for PUD.
Rationale 4: The presence of excessive psychological stress increases the risk for PUD.
Rationale 5: Infection with Helicobacter pylori increases the risk for PUD. Influenza A is not associated with increased risk.
Global Rationale: A close family history of PUD increases the client's risk for developing the disease. Consumption of beverages that contain caffeine increases the risk for PUD. The risk for developing PUD is higher in those with type O. The presence of excessive psychological stress increases the risk for PUD. Infection with Helicobacter pylori increases the risk for PUD. Influenza A is not associated with increased risk.
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