People with cystic fibrosis often suffer from a lack of oxygen. What symptom is a direct result
of a lack of oxygen?
a. lack of energy
b. hyperactivity
c. nervous disorders
d. kidney malfunction
A
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The Staphylococcus aureus bacteria shown in the image below form biofilms in medical equipment. Bacteria such as this use quorum sensing to delay the production of toxins until the colony has reached a specific size. What advantage does this have over producing toxins immediately?
a. The toxins produced by bacterial biofilms are polymer chains that cannot be synthesized within individual bacteria.
b. Bacteria require the additional time to develop immunity against the toxins they release, which are otherwise fatal.
c. Quorum sensing ensures that the colony can remain undetected until it is large enough to damage or destroy its host.
d. Biofilms are capable of rudimentary intelligence via neural networking behavior when sufficient bacteria are present.
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which stage of the Plasmodium life cycle does Label A represent?
a. sporozoite b. gametocyte c. cyst d. zygote e. merozoite
The part of the stomach designated by the letter “C”
in the above figure is called a. pyloric sphincter. b. esophagus. c. mucosa. d. duodenum. e. none of these.
Which of the following is part of a DNA molecule?
A) sigma B) RNA polymerase C) transcription factor D) promoter E) activator