Compare and contrast the cyclic and noncyclic electron transport pathways of photosynthesis. What will be an ideal response?
Both cyclic and noncyclic electron transport involve photosynthetic pigments embedded in the
thylakoid membranes as well as the flow of electrons down an electron transport chain resulting in the
generation of ATP via chemiosmosis. Cyclic electron transport does not involve the reduction of
NADP.+ Instead, electrons flow in a cyclical pathway from photosystem I to the electron transport
chain and back to photosystem I. By contrast, noncyclic electron flow involves the linear flow of
electrons from water to photosystem II, down an electron transport chain to photosystem I, and finally
to NADP+. Consequently, the noncyclic pathway results in the formation of O2, but the cyclic
pathway does not.
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The final electron acceptor during the process of oxidative phosphorylation is which of the following?
a. carbon dioxide b. water c. oxygen d. glucose
What name is given to a gene that is always expressed?
What will be an ideal response?
What is typically the result of receptor up-regulation?
a. A hormone's signal is amplified. b. The number of receptors decreases. c. The sensitivity of a cell to a hormone decreases. d. The number of genes that code for a receptor increases. e. The concentration of hormone molecules in the blood increases
The immune system component with a principal role at point B in the accompanying figure is:
a. memory cells. b. IgM antibodies. c. IgG antibodies. d. cytotoxic T cells. e. antibody IgA.