Which of the following is an example of an energy-requiring reaction?
a. The combustion of the gas in your car to move it forward.
b. The burning of a log to generate heat.
c. The synthesis of carbon dioxide into glucose.
d. The oxidation of metal to form rust.
e. The metabolism of glucose to form ATP.
ANSWER: c
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A patient comes to the emergency room suffering from severe dehydration. You are shocked to hear an orderly suggest, “We should just give him an IV of water to speed up his rehydration!” You quickly intervene, knowing this could cause grave harm. Why?
a. An IV of pure water would increase the tonicity of the blood so much that the red blood cells would shrivel from water loss. b. Pure water is known to be toxic and must be heavily diluted before given to patients. c. An IV of pure water would dilute the solute concentration of the plasma so much that the red blood cells would take on too much water through osmosis and burst. d. Pure water would make the cells and the plasma isotonic, and the patient would not rehydrate at all.
Which of the following is the second step in gene mapping?
A. Target DNA removed from cells and isolated B. Cloning host treated with calcium chloride and receives plasmid C. Separate DNA fragments with gel electrophoresis D. Desired protein is produced by cloning host E. Gene is amplified by multiplication of cloning host
Cyanide acts quickly, and can cause death, by blocking:
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following statements about digestion in
ruminants is false? a. Ruminant animals have symbiotic bacteria to aid in the digestion of their food. b. It takes longer to digest plant material than meat. c. Chewing results in mechanically breaking down food and exposing more cellulose to digestive enzymes. d. Ruminants have a smaller range of foods in their diet than do humans. e. Pronghorn antelopes and other herbivores have a single but disproportionately large stomach.