Why does the mHTT gene have such wide-ranging effects in the disease state?
What will be an ideal response?
The mHTT causes a wide range of disease phenotypes because of the ubiquitous nature of huntingtin. Huntingtin is pivotal in protein-protein interactions and is found in almost all cellular compartments from nucleus to mitochondria and cytosol. When mHTT begins to aggregate, it results in the disruption of many cellular processes giving rise to the multitude of disease phenotypes.
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If water molecules (H2O) suddenly stopped forming hydrogen bonds with one another, how would water transport in vascular plants change (if at all)?
A. It would remain the same, as H2O molecules also form oxygen bonds. B. It would remain the same, as water transport only depends on osmosis. C. It would stop, as water transport relies on H2O molecules being connected by hydrogen bonds. D. It would increase, as hydrogen bonds inhibit water transport.
A hydrogen bond is an attraction between a(n) ____ hydrogen atom and another hydrogen atom taking part in ____
a. covalently bonded; the same polar covalent bond b. ionically bonded; the same polar covalent bond c. covalently bonded; a separate polar covalent bond d. ionically bonded; a separate nonpolar covalent bond e. nonpolar covalently bonded; a separate nonpolar covalent bond
Arrange the events of a second messenger system in the correct order
1) Protein kinase is activated. 2) G protein is activated. 3) The neurotransmitter binds to its receptor. 4) The protein closes the potassium channel. 5) Cyclic AMP is produced. 6) Phosphorylation takes place. a. 1 ? 2 ? 5 ? 6 ? 4 ? 3 b. 3 ? 5 ? 6 ? 1 ? 2 ? 4 c. 5 ? 2 ? 6 ? 1 ? 3 ? 4 d. 3 ? 2 ? 5 ? 1 ? 6 ? 4 e. 5 ? 2 ? 6 ? 1 ? 4 ? 3
The absence of a regulatory protein may inhibit the expression of both alleles of a gene. This sort of mutation is viewed as __________
a. dominant b. recessive c. cis-acting d. trans-acting