What is latent or incidental learning?
A) classical conditioning done backwards
B) when an animal is in a Skinner box and the bar to be pressed is not working
C) when in the act of learning one thing, a person also learns something else
D) operant conditioning in which the behavior is learned byobservation
C
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Which of the following is NOT one of the authors’ recommendations for assuring reliable, comparable results when using the CER procedure?
a. Use a VR-trained Sniffy. b. Sniffy’s response rate should be rapid and steady. c. Use the same baseline Sniffy file as the starting point for all experiments. d. Make sure the Average Interval Between Trials is always set to 10 minutes.
In Festinger's classic experiment, college students did an extremely boring task for a long time. Afterward, they were asked to help lure others into the experiment by pretending that the task was interesting and enjoyable. Later they were asked their opinion of the task. Those paid $20 for luring more participants did not change their attitude because they
a. did not lie in recruiting the new participants. b. had low justification for lying. c. experienced a great deal of cognitive dissonance. d. experienced no cognitive dissonance.
In which of the following situations is a person the LEAST likely to do nothing:
a. The person sees a victim, but doesn't have training to do first aid. b. The person sees a victim and there are many others around. c. The person sees a victim collapse next to him or her. d. The person sees two children, who look similar, fighting.
Many studies confirm that __________
A) the whole-language approach places too much emphasis on basic skills B) children do not benefit from reading strategies until they have fully mastered phonics C) fluent readers tend to use ineffective reading strategies and have difficulty with comprehension D) combining phonics with whole language is the best method for teaching beginning reading