Lord, Ross, and Lepper showed articles favoring and opposing capital punishment to groups of students who either opposed or were in favor of it. The results of this study showed that reading articles on both sides of the controversial issue:
a. brought the attitudes in the students closer together in a "middle" position.
b. actually increased the difference in attitudes between the two groups.
c. increased the self-esteem of members of both groups.
d. decreased the self-esteem of members of both groups.
Ans: b. actually increased the difference in attitudes between the two groups.
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In Osheroff vs. Chestnut Lodge, Dr. Osheroff successfully sued Chestnut Lodge for a variety of reasons, including:
a. failure to offer him informed consent about treatment alternatives. b. the refusal to allow him to prescribe off-label medications to his patients. c. that the hospital's provided treatment was not consistent with the type of theoretical orientation it advertised. d. that he was subjected to electroshock therapy without his consent.
The "target" of one's motivated behavior is known as a(n)
a. drive. b. goal. c. incentive. d. transductive level.
Dr. Oren explains behaviors, such as aggression, by using a theory that combines learning principles with cognitive processes, socialization, and modeling. Dr. Oren is utilizing the __________ theory
a. ethological learning b. dissonance conditioning c. social learning d. humanistic
To illustrate the problem of other minds, philosophers imagine hypothetical zombies that:
A) are themselves fully conscious. B) have a mind but must eat brains because they are lacking this critical organ. C) are themselves unconscious but are indistinguishable from persons who are conscious. D) are programmed to act in certain ways but cannot modify their actions based on experiences.