As part of a community program on crisis prevention, a nurse is describing the phases of crisis. Which of the following would the nurse identify as occurring first?
A) Person has a problem that doesn't "fit" with their usual problem-solving methods
B) Trial-and-error attempts to alleviate the problem
C) Automatic relief behaviors take over as the "fight-or-flight" hormones dissipate
D) Person has serious personality disorganization
Ans: A
A crisis occurs in phases as identified by psychiatrist Gerald Caplan. A crisis occurs when a person faces a problem that cannot be solved by customary problem-solving methods. When the usual problem-solving methods no longer work, a person's life balance or equilibrium is upset, and the person uses trial and error to solve the problem. These attempts fail, and the anxiety rises to severe or panic levels, whereby the person then adopts automatic relief behaviors. When these fail, anxiety overwhelms the person and leads to serious personality disorganization, which signals the person is in crisis.
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