According to the authors of the textbook, scholars in the 1600's did not apply scientific methodology to the study of the mind and human behavior because of what belief?
A) that scientific methodology did not work
B) that science needed more time to develop
C) that humans were not just physical machines, and could not be studied using science
D) that it was a religious sin to try to understand the nature of the mind
Answer: C
Rationale: A likely reason why the science of psychology did not develop in the 1600s is that people were not ready to accept a science that could be applied to minds. To the average person then, viewing human behavior as the result of predictable physical laws was troubling. Doing so would seem to imply the philosophy of materialism: the belief that humans, and other living beings, are comprised exclusively of physical matter. This would mean that we are nothing more than complex machines that lack a self-conscious, self-controlling soul.
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