You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park One day when you arrive at the park, you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years, and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park. Even though the paths are complicated and twisted, you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin. Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of _____.
A) insight
B) the formation of a cognitive map
C) unconscious trial-and-error imagery
D) higher-order conditioning
Answer: B
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What did Erik Erikson call development that encompasses changes both in the understanding individuals have of themselves and in their comprehension of the meaning of others' behavior?
A. initiative-versus-guilt B. self-concept C. psychosocial development D. individualistic development
According to the dual-process model of coping (DPM), ____ and ____ are the two main types of stressors.
a.implicit and explicit b.loss orientation and restoration orientation c.traumatic and separation d.active euthanasia and passive euthanasia
A psychologist is describing the development of a new psychological test. The material she has compiled will appear in the manual accompanying the test. Which of the following statements would provide evidence the test is likely to be reliable?
a) The new test correlates +.50 with a similar, but outdated test. b) The scores of individuals who took the test twice, a week apart, correlated +.92. c) The instructions to be given with the test can be understood by individuals with a seventh-grade education. d) The items on the test were reviewed by a panel of experts who agreed they are related to the characteristic under investigation.
Double-blind studies control for ________
a) only the placebo effect b) only the experimenter effect c) both the placebo effect and the experimenter effect d) extrinsic motivation