"Institutional racism" refers to __________
A) social processes that, intentionally or not, protect the advantages of the dominant group while maintaining the unequal position of the subordinate groups
B) overt acts of hostility by individuals intended to harm members of other racial and ethnic groups
C) differences in institutional benefits due to expanded opportunities for more qualified individuals
D) the belief that racial groups have innate intellectual differences
Answer: A
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A major source of structural strain in societies is__________
a. the development of common attitudes about the aging b. the outcome of research on the effects of aging c. the long-term failure of institutions to accommodate the increasing proportion of the population that is elderly d. political organization by elderly persons e. the fact that some people are older than others
Thus far, modernization has always involved an extension of rights, values and opportunities from the elites to the masses
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
What is the Iron Law of Oligarchy?
a. the implicit rule that employees will find busywork to do to fill their day b. the theory that a small clique of people controls an organization for their own benefit c. the observation that people tend to “rise to the level of their incompetence” in bureaucracies d. the process whereby the principles of the fast-food industry are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society
Select a social group and then undertake the four steps needed to practice the sociology of knowledge.
What will be an ideal response?