The nurse has just completed administration of a 1000-L bolus of 0.9% normal saline
The nurse assesses the patient to be slightly confused, with a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of 50 mm Hg, a heart rate of 110 beats/min, urine output of 10 mL for the past hour, and a central venous pressure (CVP/RAP) of 3 mm Hg. What is the best interpretation of these results by the nurse? a. Patient response to therapy is appropriate.
b. Additional interventions are indicated.
c. More time is needed to assess response.
d. Values are normal for the patient condition.
B
Assessed vital signs and hemodynamic values indicate decreased circulating volume. The patient has not responded appropriately to therapy aimed at increasing circulating volume. Additional intervention is needed because response to therapy is not appropriate, values are abnormal, and timely intervention is critical for a patient with low circulating blood volume.
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After a drug overdose, a patient has very slow and shallow respirations. What stimulation of chemoreceptors or lung receptors will result in an increase in respiratory rate?
A) Decreased carbon dioxide levels at central chemoreceptors B) PaO2 less than 60 at peripheral chemoreceptors C) Normal airway resistance perceived by stretch receptors D) Lack of stimulation of irritant receptors
The classic scientific method has its intellectual roots in which of the following?
A) Positivism B) Determinism C) Constructivism D) Empiricism
Items that should be taken home by relatives or locked in the hospital safe include:
a. jewellery, money and dentures. b. jewellery, money and watches. c. jewellery, glasses and watches. d. jewellery, dentures and glasses.
The nurse differentiates the humoral response from the cell-mediated response. Which statement about cell-mediated response is true?
a. The sensitized lymphocytes attack the cell for which they were sensitized. b. Cells produce new antibodies. c. The response does not occur until the white blood cell (WBC) count rises. d. There is a systemic response of fever and malaise.