As cited in the text, which of the following might be related to whether or not a person can be classified as high in morningness or eveningness—that is,
their preference for either going to bed early and waking up early or going to bed late and waking up late?
a. growth hormone
b. melatonin
c. caffeine
d. acetylcholine
Answer: A
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Gale prides herself on her athletic skills more so than her academic skills. According to self-evaluation maintenance theory, she will prefer to associate with
a. athletes who are superior to her in terms of athletic ability. b. physically attractive people. c. students who get better grades than she does. d. athletes who are better than she is both athletically and academically.
The extreme group method and the point biserial method are both used to estimate
a. reliability. b. validity. c. discriminability. d. difficulty.
Amy Wrzesniewski found that a third of the hospital cleaners in a metropolitan medical center considered their work as a “calling” and therefore were quite vigilant in their attempts to keep the hospital sanitary. This behavior is an example of which positive psychological construct?
A. mindfulness B. hope C. resilience D. optimism
To reduce cognitive dissonance, people must
a. admit to others that they are wrong. b. completely leave the situation. c. understand themselves better. d. improve their own self-esteem. e. change their behaviors or thoughts.