Being able to combine and recombine phonemes to make different morphemes is referred to as (the) _______________
a. combination rule c. duality of patterning
b. pluralistic construction d. linguistic complexity
Answer: c
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Young Marvin, just a few months of age, is growing at a slower rate than would be expected for his age. He has heart problems and a slightly misshapen face, and is often very fussy and difficult to soothe. Which of the following substances did his mother likely ingest on a regular basis during her pregnancy?
a. nicotine b. aspirin c. alcohol d. cocaine
Which scenario is the best example of self-handicapping?
a. Roy is a cigarette smoker. He does not like to hear about the health risks of smoking. He therefore ignores such information, or dismisses it as invalid, and continues to smoke. b. Neither Yuki nor her friends ever study very much for school. Since Yuki does not know anyone who studies very hard, she assumes that in fact no one ever studies hard. As a consequence, she continues to have terrible study habits. c. Jacques has a big wrestling match coming up, but he fears that he will lose. The week before the match, he claims that he is "really busy with other studies," and does not practice at all. Even though he may not realize he is doing this, he is setting himself up so that he will have an "excuse" in case he loses the match. d. Sometimes, when Olivia has a long day, she yells at her children when she gets home. She usually feels very bad about this right after doing it. But then she realizes that she can "justify" her behavior ("I am the parent here," she thinks, "and I have the right to discipline my children.") In other words, she is able to rationalize, or excuse, a not-so-good behavior.
Which theory places the greatest emphasis on the relationship between consequences and the probability of a behavior reoccurring in the future?
a. Operant conditioning b. Information-processing c. Classical conditioning d. Piagetian
When someone is determining whether an event is potentially harmful to him or her, he or she is involved in ________.
A. secondary internalization B. primary appraisal C. falsification D. equivocation